‘Mobilized voting’ versus ‘performance voting’ in electoral autocracies: Territorial variations in the levels of support for the systemic opposition parties in Russian municipalities

The main task of authoritarian elections is to guarantee the survival regime. Achieving this goal, rulers rely on electoral mobilization that employed by political machines, targeted mostly poor and dependent voters. At same time, since autocracies permit opposition parties, those voters, who avoid mobilization, are able make a choice between government opposition. If they dissatisfied their personal or social conditions, liable engage in ‘performance voting’ give support In article, we examine how two logics ‘mobilized relate each other. study based large-N analysis local level variations Russia's three systemic parties 2016 Duma elections, unique dataset comprised social-economic data, from (municipal) units.